# Source code for mars.tensor.random.hypergeometric

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Copyright 1999-2020 Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.
#
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

import numpy as np

from ... import opcodes as OperandDef
from ...serialize import AnyField
from .core import TensorRandomOperandMixin, handle_array, TensorDistribution

class TensorHypergeometric(TensorDistribution, TensorRandomOperandMixin):
_op_type_ = OperandDef.RAND_HYPERGEOMETRIC

_fields_ = '_ngood', '_nbad', '_nsample', '_size'
_ngood = AnyField('ngood')
_nsample = AnyField('nsample')
_func_name = 'hypergeometric'

def __init__(self, state=None, size=None, dtype=None, **kw):
dtype = np.dtype(dtype) if dtype is not None else dtype
super().__init__(_state=state, _size=size, dtype=dtype, **kw)

@property
def ngood(self):
return self._ngood

@property

@property
def nsample(self):
return self._nsample

def __call__(self, ngood, nbad, nsample, chunk_size=None):
return self.new_tensor([ngood, nbad, nsample], None, raw_chunk_size=chunk_size)

[docs]def hypergeometric(random_state, ngood, nbad, nsample, size=None, chunk_size=None, gpu=None, dtype=None):
r"""
Draw samples from a Hypergeometric distribution.

Samples are drawn from a hypergeometric distribution with specified
parameters, ngood (ways to make a good selection), nbad (ways to make
a bad selection), and nsample = number of items sampled, which is less
than or equal to the sum ngood + nbad.

Parameters
----------
ngood : int or array_like of ints
Number of ways to make a good selection.  Must be nonnegative.
nbad : int or array_like of ints
Number of ways to make a bad selection.  Must be nonnegative.
nsample : int or array_like of ints
Number of items sampled.  Must be at least 1 and at most
ngood + nbad.
size : int or tuple of ints, optional
Output shape.  If the given shape is, e.g., (m, n, k), then
m * n * k samples are drawn.  If size is None (default),
a single value is returned if ngood, nbad, and nsample
are all scalars.  Otherwise, np.broadcast(ngood, nbad, nsample).size
samples are drawn.
chunk_size : int or tuple of int or tuple of ints, optional
Desired chunk size on each dimension
gpu : bool, optional
Allocate the tensor on GPU if True, False as default
dtype : data-type, optional
Data-type of the returned tensor.

Returns
-------
out : Tensor or scalar
Drawn samples from the parameterized hypergeometric distribution.

--------
scipy.stats.hypergeom : probability density function, distribution or
cumulative density function, etc.

Notes
-----
The probability density for the Hypergeometric distribution is

.. math:: P(x) = \frac{\binom{m}{n}\binom{N-m}{n-x}}{\binom{N}{n}},

where :math:0 \le x \le m and :math:n+m-N \le x \le n

for P(x) the probability of x successes, n = ngood, m = nbad, and
N = number of samples.

Consider an urn with black and white marbles in it, ngood of them
black and nbad are white. If you draw nsample balls without
replacement, then the hypergeometric distribution describes the
distribution of black balls in the drawn sample.

Note that this distribution is very similar to the binomial
distribution, except that in this case, samples are drawn without
replacement, whereas in the Binomial case samples are drawn with
replacement (or the sample space is infinite). As the sample space
becomes large, this distribution approaches the binomial.

References
----------
.. [1] Lentner, Marvin, "Elementary Applied Statistics", Bogden
and Quigley, 1972.
.. [2] Weisstein, Eric W. "Hypergeometric Distribution." From
MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource.
http://mathworld.wolfram.com/HypergeometricDistribution.html
.. [3] Wikipedia, "Hypergeometric distribution",
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypergeometric_distribution

Examples
--------
Draw samples from the distribution:

>>> import mars.tensor as mt

>>> ngood, nbad, nsamp = 100, 2, 10
# number of good, number of bad, and number of samples
>>> s = mt.random.hypergeometric(ngood, nbad, nsamp, 1000)
>>> hist(s)
#   note that it is very unlikely to grab both bad items

Suppose you have an urn with 15 white and 15 black marbles.
If you pull 15 marbles at random, how likely is it that
12 or more of them are one color?

>>> s = mt.random.hypergeometric(15, 15, 15, 100000)
>>> (mt.sum(s>=12)/100000. + mt.sum(s<=3)/100000.).execute()
#   answer = 0.003 ... pretty unlikely!
"""
if dtype is None:
dtype = np.random.RandomState().hypergeometric(